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good morning

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i'm eddie bernice johnson from the

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science space and technology committee

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but we are in district 30

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this morning with a number of

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eager students we are delighted that

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you're there mr peak

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and mr williams and i'm going to turn it

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right over to the students so they can

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have the benefit

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of talking with you we're delighted that

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we're very happy to talk to you and we

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hi gentlemen i'm tatiana brown and this

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question is for jeff

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how does being in space for such an

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extensive period of time affect your

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body and what does your routine look

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like to maintain your health both in

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without the force of gravity on our

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bodies and our muscles carrying our

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bodies our muscles atrophy of course

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our bones also atrophy bones need

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exercise

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to stay strong

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and those are the two primary effects

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that we have on our bodies while we're

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up here so we exercise every day we have

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the a treadmill we use a harness to pull

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us down into the treadmill to get a load

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we have a cycle ergometer so it's very

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similar to getting on a bicycle and

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getting exercise that way we also have

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the equivalent of a weightlifting

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piece of equipment where we can lift

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heavy loads and that's

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one of the primary ways that we're able

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so when you return to earth do you have

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we go through

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a rehabilitation or a reconditioning

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program uh it's typically 45 days

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sometimes longer sometimes shorter

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working with a trainer

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to regain

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our full strength and flexibility as

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well as our sense of balance balance is

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another thing that we have to regain

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once we get back

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hello hello gentlemen

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my name is stephen sanders i go to

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duncanville isd

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and i do one this question is going

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towards tim and tim i want to say

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i'm sorry in advance because i was

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reading william shakespeare before i

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wrote this down

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my question is has living in outer space

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and conducting scientific experiments

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heightened and strengthened your

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appreciation for life and if so in what

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stephen and everyone else uh dallas

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uh it's great to be talking to you today

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well that's a very deep question to

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start things off with today um but uh

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it's a good question i don't think being

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in space has changed my appreciation for

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life i think i had a very high

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appreciation of life um before i started

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on this extraordinary journey

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but what it does give you being in space

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it gives you different perspective and

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looking down on the planet um seeing our

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atmosphere seeing how thin and fragile

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that atmosphere is and seeing the planet

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even change through the seasons just

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since i've been up here

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and i've seen the northern hemisphere go

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from from winter to spring and now into

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summer and it gives you a very different

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perspective on the planet and it makes

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you appreciate uh what what a beautiful

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planet we have and how we have to look

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for it

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hello

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my name is tyrone crudo from lancaster

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high school

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and

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my uh question is for jeff

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um robotics um in my district we have

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robotics clubs for even uh elementary

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students

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how do how to study robotics at an early

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age

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well i think studying things like

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robotics certainly could benefit anybody

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that has an interest in that and sounds

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like you have an interest so i would

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encourage you to continue working in it

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robotics uh is a big part of life

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nowadays and it's going to only grow in

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its importance with lots of different

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applications across many disciplines

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robotics is a unique problem it combines

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a lot of technology it combines

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mechanics you you have a problem you're

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trying to solve and you use all those

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tools to uh to put a system together to

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solve the problem so it's a great

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exercise just in solving a problem

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solving

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so i would certainly encourage you to

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continue that especially if you have an

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interest in it

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that interest assuming you have it

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it needs to be fostered and that's how

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we

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learn

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in our early years

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what we might want to do for the rest of

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our life and dedicate

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our life's purpose toward

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hello gentlemen i'm mariah chavez from

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the grand prairie collegiate institute

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and this question is for tim could you

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please explain what your first

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yeah what a great question um my first

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experience of space was one of euphoria

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uh because it it happened at sort of

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eight minutes 48 seconds after launch

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when uh the main engines of the sawyers

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of the soyuz third stage cut out and you

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get a very big jolt forward in the seat

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when that happens and that that's at the

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point where you know that you're in

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space and uh you're in uh microgravity

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and looking out the window we were we

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were looking

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to talk

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and looking out the window i saw my

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first moon rise very soon after orbital

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insertion and then of course shortly

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after that i saw my first sunrise out of

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my sawyer's right-hand seat window and

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it was just the most exhilarating

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feeling to uh unloosen your buckles your

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harness and to be able to float in your

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seat and to be able to look out on

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planet earth as we made that very first

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orbit for me my very first orbit of

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planet earth most exhilarating

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experience ever

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hi my name is jordan cheatham and this

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how often does a cargo ship resupply the

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iss and are you allowed to make special

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actually we get cargo ships all six or

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eight or nine times a year

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of different types right now we

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currently have four cargo ships uh

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either docked or birthed to the space

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station we've got two russian cargo

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ships progresses and they have

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historically flown about four times a

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year

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we're going down to about three times a

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year for a progress we also have a

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cygnus uh orbital uh uh corporation has

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uh provided that um and that flies a

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couple times a year and then we have a

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dragon supply ship and that uh flies it

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uh two or three times a year

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we also

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have had supply ships from

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the japanese space agency as well as the

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european space agency can we make

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special requests sure we we get some

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some fresh food and vegetables fruits

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and vegetables which is always a treat

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because we don't get that being up here

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we have to eat it pretty quickly before

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it goes bad

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and we also believe it or not on this

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last drag and we got some ice cream set

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up for us and we have that in the

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freezer and we're enjoying that as we

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as we go over the

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couple weeks i guess

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hi i'm camden from cedar hill um my

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question's for tim and my question is is

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it hard to juggle your personal life

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with your professional life with such a

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hi camden that's a good question to ask

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and and yes it is hard um we spend a lot

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of time away obviously not just the six

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months that we're on board the space

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station but for the six years i was in

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training for this mission i was probably

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away from home about 50 of the time um

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but you know you know that when you uh

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undertake this job and this uh it is a

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sacrifice that you make but um in terms

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of the privilege uh of going into space

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um it's it's really something that you

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do as a family you're and i'm very lucky

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very fortunate that my family is

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incredibly supportive of what i do and

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they understand the value and the

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benefit of what we're all doing in the

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research for space exploration and human

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space flight

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so yes there are sacrifices to maybe

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make but made but i think they're very

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thank you

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hello i am enrique from the grand

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prairie collegiate institute my question

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is for jeff

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today what do you feel has been your

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biggest accomplishment or breakthrough

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oh i don't know if i've had a

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significant accomplishment or

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breakthrough on

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my mission i would say that the the

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biggest accomplishment and breakthrough

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is for the entire international team the

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program in uh assembling and building

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this magnificent orbital outpost we call

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the international space station if you

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look at it historically it was a

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really the the biggest human achievement

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ever in history and continues to be just

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running and maintain it of course it is

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an orbiting laboratory so we're doing a

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lot of research across the whole

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disciplines of science

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and i could spend a lot of time talking

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about uh the research that's going on

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here and has gone on here over the last

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15

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plus years

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but i would encourage you to uh to spend

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some time on the on the website doing

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that but i would say the space station

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is the the biggest accomplishment of

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this international team

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hello i'm australia and my question is

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for tim what's your most

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challenging what's the most challenging

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uh wow there is there are several

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challenging things about being an

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astronaut um for me one of them in the

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early days was certainly learning the

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russian language as jeff just mentioned

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there you know this is very much an

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international space station with an

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international crew

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and uh and speaking russian uh so that

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we can not just uh work professionally

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with our russian colleagues but also be

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able to socialize with our russian

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colleagues is very important and that's

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only a challenge but i also think that

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as a crew member on board the space

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station you have to be a little bit of a

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jack of all trades and there are many

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trades you need to know obviously we

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have a fantastic ground support team um

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to help us out with all of the problems

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that we might encounter up here on the

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space station but we need to try and

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retain as much information as we can to

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help us through our mission and so i

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think that's also a challenge for

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astronauts is that the retention of all

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the information as we go through our

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training

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good morning my name is kevin maple and

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this question is also for tim how can

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schools share ideas for experiments and

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other innovations to be considered on

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i think sorry it was a bit broken but i

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think the question was how can schools

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share the ideas for innovation and the

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experiments that are going on board the

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space station um and as jeff kind of

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pointed out earlier there's a fantastic

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amount of information on the website

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about the scientific research that we're

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doing up here on board the space station

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but also the educational outreach

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programs that we have running and there

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are many education outreach programs

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running all the time some of them are

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based on fitness and nutrition i've just

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finished two

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one on mission x which is an

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international program to get people

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involved in in healthy eating and a

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healthy way of life

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and also looking at research for example

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into growing fruits and vegetables on

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the onboard the space station so i would

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encourage anybody to look online at

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these resources and that's a wonderful

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way

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of getting in touch with other schools

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who might be doing similar projects to

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you and to be able to share that kind of

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information

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good morning my name is desiree martinez

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and i attend the school of business

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management and this question is for jeff

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i read that it takes six hours to get to

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the iss when you're launched what are

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some things you do during your flight

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yeah for that six hours like it used to

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be two days and then and then two days

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we could we could get up out of our

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seats and and spend some time in what we

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call the habitation module where we

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could uh

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eat

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and take a couple of naps during the

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journey here but now we're doing a six

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hour rendezvous

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you do get a chance to get out of the

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seat maybe not everybody does but

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maybe one time

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to take a break for 10 or 15 minutes but

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other than that you're in your seat and

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you're doing a variety of orbital burns

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or firing of the main engine to adjust

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the orbit so that we set up our

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rendezvous

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with the space station so it's a it's a

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pretty busy six hours

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hello my name is zoe romo from

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dunkinville high school and my question

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is for tim

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what is the most important research

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finding that you have discovered since

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well you know we have about 250 if i

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just a little bit more than 250

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experiments uh during expedition 46 and

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47. so there's an awful lot of science

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going on and the results of a lot of

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that science we won't know for a number

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of years to come yet uh because we need

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to increase the number of experiments we

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run so that we have a good data set to

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draw conclusions from um so it's very

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difficult to say what are the immediate

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conclusions of the science i've been

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doing on board the space station what i

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can tell you is what i've noticed in my

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own body and of course of about 30

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experiments i'm doing just on my on

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myself as a human life science

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experiment

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and it's very easy to notice the

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physical changes in the first two weeks

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of coming to space a very immediate

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change a body shift of fluids

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up to the

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very puffy face i felt very full headed

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like i had a blocked up nose uh

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increased into cranial pressure and uh

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you notice straight away

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your blood pressure drops your heart

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rate drops and your body goes through

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this uh incredible change and

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acclimatization to space flight

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as jeff mentioned earlier our muscles

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atrophy our bone atrophies and slowly

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over time also internationals are eye

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fight changes as well and so it's

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incredible to notice all of these

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changes in many ways it's remarkable how

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efficient and how effective the human

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body is at adapting to new environments

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of course on the downside is we have to

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re-adapt to come back to planet earth in

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a 1g environment for myself in about

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thank you

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hello

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my name is jose ballon and i'm from

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grand prairie collegiate institute and

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this question is for jeff

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what kind of education and training do

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you go through to reach the position you

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if you go across the core of astronauts

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uh

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about half of them are military i'm

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military and i've got a

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education and engineering and most of us

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have education in engineering but then

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there are the other half of the core

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historically if u.s astronauts have had

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education in different sciences or

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medical doctors or even a few educators

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school teachers

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so

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we've we've got representation from

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across the technical and engineering and

402
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scientific spectrum

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those

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00:16:35,189 --> 00:16:32,720
educational

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fields give you the background

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to at least to make you eligible for the

407
00:16:40,160 --> 00:16:44,150
thank you

408
00:16:48,310 --> 00:16:46,790
hi i'm beijing dewan and this question

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is for tim

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what is the protocol for someone who

411
00:17:00,550 --> 00:16:57,990
a really good question and one that's

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obviously taken very seriously and it

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00:17:05,909 --> 00:17:02,880
really depends on the urgency of the

414
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situation if it's something fairly minor

415
00:17:09,189 --> 00:17:08,000
then we'll consult with our flight

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surgeon

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and we'll be able to treat whatever it

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is we have a number of medications on

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00:17:19,510 --> 00:17:16,559
board that we can use we're also

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quite highly trained uh in in terms of

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first aid and we're able to respond to a

422
00:17:25,429 --> 00:17:23,600
number of different situations up here

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but with the help of our flight surgeon

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teams on the ground in mission control

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we would be able to treat a number of

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different situations to to quite a high

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00:17:35,190 --> 00:17:33,600
level um

428
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if you notch it at one stage and

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something was really serious then of

430
00:17:41,110 --> 00:17:39,280
course the program could even consider

431
00:17:43,830 --> 00:17:41,120
returning a crew member back to planet

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earth uh we we have our soyuz spacecraft

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remain stocked with us for the entire

434
00:17:49,430 --> 00:17:47,840
duration of our six-month mission and

435
00:17:50,870 --> 00:17:49,440
should that crew of three need to go

436
00:17:53,830 --> 00:17:50,880
back to earth for any reason then they

437
00:17:57,909 --> 00:17:53,840
could always utilize that option

438
00:18:01,430 --> 00:17:59,909
hi i'm clark swann and my question is

439
00:18:03,270 --> 00:18:01,440
for jeff

440
00:18:08,789 --> 00:18:03,280
what is the best possible advice that

441
00:18:13,990 --> 00:18:11,430
well uh i guess i would say

442
00:18:15,110 --> 00:18:14,000
to explore your interest and

443
00:18:21,510 --> 00:18:15,120
and

444
00:18:23,990 --> 00:18:21,520
hear all the time

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00:18:27,029 --> 00:18:24,000
but everybody has a different slant on

446
00:18:32,230 --> 00:18:30,789
interest that develop into passions

447
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and if you work hard and develop those

448
00:18:35,430 --> 00:18:34,240
passions figure out what they are

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00:18:37,510 --> 00:18:35,440
um

450
00:18:39,510 --> 00:18:37,520
while you maintain a balanced life you

451
00:18:42,630 --> 00:18:39,520
know with family and friends and whatnot

452
00:18:45,669 --> 00:18:42,640
and sports and other activities uh doors

453
00:18:48,150 --> 00:18:45,679
will open uh and you enter those doors

454
00:18:49,830 --> 00:18:48,160
to uh to take advantage of

455
00:18:51,990 --> 00:18:49,840
of those things and pursue those

456
00:18:54,150 --> 00:18:52,000
passions so that's that's i guess would

457
00:18:56,630 --> 00:18:54,160
be in general what the advice i would

458
00:19:00,310 --> 00:18:56,640
give you

459
00:19:03,350 --> 00:19:01,830
good morning i'm ben mackey i'm the

460
00:19:05,270 --> 00:19:03,360
principal of the school for talented and

461
00:19:06,789 --> 00:19:05,280
gifted here we thank you for being on

462
00:19:08,230 --> 00:19:06,799
with us we're told you got one minute

463
00:19:09,909 --> 00:19:08,240
left is there anything else you all

464
00:19:11,430 --> 00:19:09,919
would like to say to our wonderful

465
00:19:15,510 --> 00:19:11,440
students faculty and all the guests that

466
00:19:19,830 --> 00:19:17,110
well i know you're in a magnet school

467
00:19:21,190 --> 00:19:19,840
there and so i wanna i know that the

468
00:19:22,950 --> 00:19:21,200
the students are

469
00:19:24,310 --> 00:19:22,960
selected for the programs there i want

470
00:19:25,909 --> 00:19:24,320
to congratulate them on their

471
00:19:27,590 --> 00:19:25,919
achievement and being selected for the

472
00:19:30,310 --> 00:19:27,600
programs there

473
00:19:32,310 --> 00:19:30,320
i've been very impressed with what i've

474
00:19:34,950 --> 00:19:32,320
read about the the program that you have

475
00:19:36,549 --> 00:19:34,960
there um in the in the that covers the

476
00:19:39,510 --> 00:19:36,559
dallas area

477
00:19:41,270 --> 00:19:39,520
so uh i would encourage the students to

478
00:19:42,870 --> 00:19:41,280
continue working hard and as i said

479
00:19:45,350 --> 00:19:42,880
earlier pursue

480
00:19:46,150 --> 00:19:45,360
the passions as they develop i also want

481
00:19:49,669 --> 00:19:46,160
to

482
00:19:52,070 --> 00:19:49,679
the staff that are present there my

483
00:19:53,430 --> 00:19:52,080
father was a school teacher for almost

484
00:19:55,909 --> 00:19:53,440
40 years

485
00:19:59,590 --> 00:19:55,919
so i know what the investment means to

486
00:20:01,669 --> 00:19:59,600
uh to people i often hear from folks

487
00:20:03,430 --> 00:20:01,679
the impact that my father made in

488
00:20:05,190 --> 00:20:03,440
people's lives so

489
00:20:09,190 --> 00:20:05,200
i know that your impact in life so thank

490
00:20:12,149 --> 00:20:10,549
thank you so much good luck with the

491
00:20:22,470 --> 00:20:12,159
rest of your mission we'll see you on